EXPLORING THE ROLE OF WILD RELATIVES IN ENHANCING GENETIC DIVERSITY, STRESS TOLERANCE, AND RESILIENCE OF CULTIVATED CROPS: INNOVATIVE BREEDING STRATEGIES, AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY

Abstract

Agricultural resilience together with sustained food production depends fundamentally on biodiversity because it provides essential ecosystem services. Orderly diversity among agricultural organisms spanning crops and livestock and as well as soil organisms and pollinators promotes stable farming operations having higher productivity with flexible adaptability. Magical biodiversity resilience protects food security from climate-related dangers alongside diseases and pests and limited resources. Crops that are part of diverse agricultural systems receive better soil quality while receiving effective pollination and pest management services and water resource regulation which cuts down dependency on external farming chemicals and artificial pesticides. By keeping crops and livestock genetically diverse agricultural operations can become more resistant to environmental challenges to ensure their sustainability. The present-day approach to intensive agriculture characterized by uniform planting of single crops along with excessive agrochemical use has caused essential biodiversity ecosystems to decline which put the health of the environment at risk. This article reviews agricultural resilience through biodiversity while it evaluates conventional farming dangers and explains biodiversity integration methods for agricultural area service protection. Establisheing biodiversity pursuits enables agricultural policymakers and farmers to develop sustainable agricultural systems that resist change and support worldwide food security goals.