GENETIC MAPPING OF SALINITY TOLERANCE IN RICE CULTIVARS FROM SOUTH ASIA

Abstract

Rice culturing in South Asia is difficult due to salinity stress and hence we should come up with salt-tolerant cultivars through combination of physiological and genetic screening.  The experiment related to this study was performed by closely examining 20 genetically diverse rice varieties under controlled salty conditions. It quantified such significant parameters as Na+ and K+ ion uptake, Na+/K+ ratio, biomass accumulation, and grain yield.  The outcomes indicated that the level of diversity of salinity tolerance was very high. Other cultivars exhibited low ratios of Na+/K+ and they could maintain the biomass and production under stress.  Cultivar_5 and Cultivar_13 were the genotypes that were performing well in terms of maintaining a good ionic balance and were more productive.  In the correlation analysis, it was found to indicate a negative relationship exists between Na 2+ /K 2+ ratio and the production of grain (r = -0.78). This indicates the significance of ion homeostasis in decreasing stress.  Also, some large variability was found in the accumulation of proline, membrane stability and antioxidant activity across cultivars which demonstrates that they can be applied as biochemical indicators of salt tolerance.  Adent visualisation that comprised 12 figures (line plots, hybrid models, boxplots, and scatter diagrams) and 9 serious data tables provided us with all the answers about phenotyping trends.  The findings provides us with powerful method of searching elite cultivars that can perform even in salty environments and are of the utmost value in marker assisted selection as well as the breeding programmes.  The paper demonstrates that we should foster multi-trait selection methods and integrate physiology into the genetic means of making salt-affected agroecosystems more resistant and productive.